Computer Science: Study Notes [Some Hardware Def's] – yr 12
Here are some more study notes, not sure where I got the definitions from (might have changed it around a bit as well) - if you find the site I might have got this from please send me the link so that I can reference it.
| Hardware | |
| CPU | Central processing unit |
| ALU | Arithmetic logic unit - a digital circuit that performs arithmetic and logical operations |
| Bus | a bus is a subsysem that transfers data between components inside a computer or between computer. |
| Multi core processor architectures | Multical core processors combine two or more independent cores into on package. Thus allowing the cores to process different instructions in a singal cycle. |
| GPU | Graphics processing unit |
| Switch | Allows compatiable devices connect and share data amongst each other |
| Router | A most sophisticated network device then either a switch or a hub, as router maintains a list of tables of devices and paths to those devices, thus allowing optimum network efficentcy as the router is able to directly transmit signals to the device, whether the device is on a LAN or WAN. The router also acts as a barrier between the internet and LAN's or MAN's and so forth - thus the router eliminates communcation from the internet to these devices. The router maintians a list of current connections and from the internal LAN to the External WAN (i.e. the Internet) thus multiple devices from within the network are able to share the same ip address as well as commmunicate simaltaniously. |
| Wireless modem | A device that converts digital signals from a PC to analog for transmission on public telephone networks. |
| Wireless access point | A device which allows wireless communication devices to connect to wired networks. |
| Router VS Switch | A router is a more sophisticated network device then either a switch or a hub. Router pupose, to join multiple network subnets - switch connects different network segments |
Computer Science: Study Notes [Definitions] – yr 12
Here are some more study notes, not sure where I got the definitions from (might have changed it around a bit as well) - if you find the site I might have got this from please send me the link so that I can reference it.
| Term | Definition |
| 1NF | First normal form - 1NF is the first level of normalisation. An entity (table) is in first normal form if it contains no repeating attributes (fields) or groups of attributes. |
| 2NF | Second normal form - An entity is the 2NF is no attribute (no part of the primary key) is dependent on onlypart of the primary key. This only applies to entries with concatenated primary keys. |
| 3NF | Third Normal Form - An entity is in 3NF if all attibutes are entirely dependent on the primary key and not an any attribute that is no part of the primary key. |
| 4 layer TCP/IP | The last 4 layers of the OSI model |
| Address Bus | The address bus carries information about where in the memory the data is to be transferred to or from. |
| ALU | Arithimetic logic unit |
| An online security service is | a form of protecting a network, website, email and many others from dos, ddos , spam and many other forms of attacks. |
| Analog | A method of communication where waves are used to transmit data |
| Anti-Virus | Protect, detect and remove infected programs - such a viruses, worms and trojans |
| Array | An array is a form of defing multiple veriables that relate to each other. |
| attribute | a database field |
| Backdoor | A way of bypassing normal authentication to take control of a system. |
| backup | To make addition copies of data so as to provide a means of restoring data If lost |
| Batch Processing | Is the execution of a series of jobs ("programs") on a computer without manual intervention - a program takes a set of data diels as input, process the data and produces a set of output data files. |
| batch systems | Instead of doing work in real time, batch does all the work once all of it has been collected or at a specific time. |
| Black Hat - Hacker | same as a hacker |
| bluetooth | An open wireless protocol for exchanging data over short distances, normally modbile devices as bluetooths power requirement is set to a minimum. |
| Boolean Value | having one of two values true or false |
| Bot | A pice of software desigened to comlete minor and repetitve tasks automatically |
| Botnet | A collection of zombie computers that can be controlled by the operators of them. |
| Bottom up | Is piecing together systems to five rise to grander systems, thus making the original systems sub systems of the emergent system. In a bottom up approach the individual base elelments of the system are first specified in great detail. These elelmetns are then linked together to orm larger subsystems, which then in turn are linked, sometimes |
| Bridge | A device that connects two local area networks (LANs) or two segments of the same LAN that use the same protocol such as ethernet or token ring. |
| Bus | A bus is a computer subsystem that allows computer components to communicate with each other |
| Cache | A small amount of storage located on the CPU (can also be located on other hardware such as hard drives) to allow fast access to recently access data. |
| Caching | Means storig a copy of a subset of the slower memory in the small fast memory |
| CAM | computer aided manufacturing |
| Cardinality | The relationship type I.e. 1 to many |
| Centrazlised Database | A database located in one specific location |
| CERT/CC | A company that's sol purpose is to eradicate flaws in organizing networks, computer systems and other services |
| Client/Server | Allows easy sharing of resources Greate security controls over data data storage would be centralised Allows for clients to be added or removed without affeting network operation Disagvantages Traffic congestion can be a problem in a client/server conficuration if the server fails the whole network is affected |
| Coaxial | A thick cable that is surrounded by a thick plastic tube, wich is again surrounded by a mesh of wire, this in turn is surrounded by a thing lay of insuration. Normally used for calbe TV, but is also use for Cable internet |
| Collectively | A group of people who are motivated by atleast one common issue or interest |
| Compatitbility | Refers o computers that operate in essentially the same way. |
| Computer Architecture | IS the concepetual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. |
| Computer Architecture | Is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system, it's blue print. - what makes up a computer, bus's, ram , gpu… |
| Concept Map | A diagram showing the relationship amony concepts |
| Consistancy | Ensuring the design is the same throughout the product |
| Control Bus | Carries commands from the CPU and returns status signals from devices |
| Control Unit | The control unit co-ordinates the input and out devices of a computer system |
| Convergence | The occurrence of two or more things coming together. |
| Convergence of tech i.e VOIP | Two things coming together |
| Copyright | Gives the creator of an original work exclusive right for a certain time period in relation to that work, including its publication, distribution and adaption after which the work is said to enter the public domain. |
| CPU | Central Processing Unit |
| Cracker | Is a person who makes modification of software to remove protection methods: copy protection, trail deem, serial number, CD check or software annoyances like nag screens and adware |
| CSMA/CA | Carrier Sense Multiple Access With Colluson Avoidance - (used in wireless networks where it's not possible to listen while sending) - a station wishing to send data has to first listen to the channel for a predetermind amount of time so as to check for any activity on the channel. if the channel is sensed as idle then the station is permitted to transmi. If the channel is sensed as idel then the station has to defer its transmission |
| CSMA/CD | Carrier Sense Multiple Access With Colluson Detection - is the protocol used in ethernet networks to ensure that only one network node is transmitting on a network wire at any one time - carrier sense menas that every ethernet device listens to the ethernet wire before it attempts to transmit. If the ethernet device senses that another device is transmitting, it will wait to transmit. multiple access means that more than one ethernet device can be sensing (listing and waiting to transmit) at a time. Collision detection means that when multiple thernet devices accidentally transmit at the same time, they are able to detect this error. Cooking Supplier Makes Appetites |
| Cyber extortionist | Is a form of online criminal activity in which a website, email server, or computer infrastructure of an enterprise is subject to repeatedly denial of service or other attacks who demand money in return. |
| Cyberbuling | |
| Data Anomlies | Deletion, update and insert anomolies |
| data marts | A subset of an organizationals data stor, usually oriented to specific purpose or major data subject. |
| data mining | The process of extracting patterns from data. |
| Data Mining | The process of extracting patterns from data |
| Data Security | Is the means of ensuring that data is kept safe from corruption and that access to it is suitably controlled. Thus data security helps ensure privacy. It also helps in protecting personal data. |
| Data Validation | The process of ensuring that a program operates on clean corrent and useful data. |
| Data Warehouse | A collection of data from a variety of sources, organized to provide useful guidance to an organizations decision maker. |
| Data Warehouse | Is a repository of an organizations electronically stored data |
| Database | A structored collection of records or data stored in a computer system. A collection of organize data |
| DBMS | Database Management System - A set of computer programs that controls a the creation, maintenance and the use of a database. |
| DDoS | Distributed Deniel of Service attact - When multiple systems flood the bandwith or resources of a targeted systems. |
| Desk checking | Is a manula ( non computerized ) technique for checking the logic of an algorithm. |
| Digital | A method of communication where 1's and 0's are used to transmit data |
| Digital Divide | Refers to the gab between people with effective access to digital and information technology and those with limited or no access at all. |
| Digital Divide | Refers to the gap between people with effective access to digital and information technology and those with a very limited or no access at all. Includes the imbalance in physical access to technology as well as the imbalances in resources and skills needed to effectively participate as digital citizens. |
| Digital versus analog | An analog device operates on continuously varing dat. Continuously varying data has an infinite number of possible states |
| Disk Defragmentation | Utility software that arrages blocks of information for a file into adjacent blocks on a hard drive - this increase preformance as a hard drive doesn have to seak to find all the data that relates to the data that’s being opened.. Or used.. |
| Distributed Database | A database that is split up to different servers which are connected to each other via the network or interent. This method is often effiecent when it comes to big companies with differenent compartments such as sales and manufacturing located in different locations. |
| DLL | Dynamic-Link Library |
| DNS | Domain Name System |
| DoS | Deniel of service - is an attempt to make a computer resource unavailable to its intened users - into either forcing the targeted computer(s) to reset ot comsume it's resources so it can't function |
| Encryption | The process of transforming information - referred to as plaintext using an algorithm to make I unreadable |
| Encryption | A respository of an organizations electronically stored data. Data warehouses are designed to facilitate reporting and analysis. |
| Error detection in digital data transmission | |
| Ethical | wether people think it's right or wrong |
| Ethics | The standards by which people judge behavior |
| Extranet | A private network that uses internet protocals such as HTTP as well as the public communications network… |
| Fault Diagnosis | |
| Fiber Channel | Is a gigabit high speed netwrok technique used primarily used for storage networking. Transporing SCSI commands over fiber channel networks |
| Fiber Optic | A method of communication where light is transmitted through a optical fibre, strans of glass. This is an extremely fast method of communication. |
| field | the colum title |
| Firewall | Part of a computer system or network designed to block unauthorize access |
| Flat File Database | Consists of nothing but data - exsists in a single file in the form of rows and columns with no realtionship ot links between records Whereas a flat-file db store data in a single table that is not connected to any other table |
| Function of an operating system | An operating system provides the basic for users to interact with their machines hardware - operating systems normally provide |
| GAN | Generic Access Network |
| Gantt Chart | A Gantt Chart is a type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule. Gantt charts illustrate the start and finish datas of projects that make up a project. A chart the defines progress in relation to time, often used in planning and tracking projects |
| Gateways | A node on a network that serves as an entrance to another network |
| Hacker | A hacker is a person who breaks into a computer without permission. |
| HAN | Home Area Network |
| HTTP | Hyper text transfer Protocol - HTTP is a protocal that transfers data between a web server and a web browser. |
| Hypermedia | is used as a logical extension of the term hypertext in which graphics, audio, video, plain text and hyperlinks intertwine to create a generally non-linear medium of information.This contrasts with the broader term multimedia, which may be used to describe non-interactive linear presentations as well as hypermedia. It is also related to the field of Electronic literature. A term first used in a 1965 article by Ted Nelson.[1] |
| ICT | Information Communication Technology - a term use to define all forms of computing systems, telecommunications and networks |
| Identity Theft | Is a term used to refer to fraud that involves someone pretending to be someone else in order to steal money or get other benefits. |
| inappropriate ICT | Theft Vandalism Hacking or code cracking Cyber threats or cyber bullying |
| inclusivity | Includes every possibility |
| Inclusivity | |
| Information System | Refers to a system of people, data records and activities that process the data and information in an orgranization and includes the organizations manual and automated processes. |
| Infringe | Conflicts with our rules |
| Initiative | The first series of actions |
| Inoculate | To clean |
| Integrity | Refers to errors in computer data that occur during transmission or retrieval introducing unintended changes to the original data. |
| Intellectual property | Property that is the result of creativity (Such as patents or trademarks or copyrights) |
| Interger | Whole numbers not fractions |
| Internet | A global system of interconnected computer networks Is a global network consistion of worldwide network of computers that uses the TCP/IP protocol to transmit data. |
| Interoperability | The ability to exchange and use infromation |
| Intranet | A private network that uses internet protocals such as HTTP A private network that contained within a organisation that uses internet protocols |
| iSCSI | Internet Small Computer System Interface - a ip based storage networking standing for linking storage facilities by carring SCSI commands over IP networks. |
| LAN | Local Area Network |
| Lossy Compression | Where an image that has been compressed cannot be reformed to its original |
| Macro | To make avalable to a programmer a sequence of computing instructins as a single statement |
| Malware | Software designed to infiltrate or damage a computer system without owners knowledge or acceptance. |
| MAN | Metrapolitan Area Network |
| Memorandum | a written proposal or reminder |
| Midi | Musical Instrument Digital Interface |
| Milestone Chart | |
| Milstone charts | |
| Modem | Converts digital signals to analog siganals so that It can be transported on telephone lines. |
| Modem | Convets digitial signals to analog signals to be transmitted on the public telephone network. |
| MPA | Movement Pattern Analysis (MPA) is a comprehensive system for assessing an individual’s core motivations in desistion making processes |
| Multicore Architecture | The use of more then one core in a computer system. This can be a another physical cpu that works simultaneously with with each other so as to preform double the amount of processing that of a single CPU. However multicore process has also lead to mistakes being made by computers. |
| NAT | Network Address Translation |
| NAT | Network Address Translation, a method used to prevent IPv4 exhaustion - modifies header data for the purpose of remapping a given address into another. |
| Netiquette | Code of behavior on the internet |
| Network | A collection of computers connected together for the sole purpose of sharing information. |
| Object Oriented | |
| ODBC | Open Database Connectivity - the ability to access a database using any application. |
| OHS | Occupational Health and Safety - refers to the legistation policay and activities put into place to prevent harm to everyone in a work place |
| Online learing | Advantages - flexible hours, work at your own pace access training at any time quicker and cheaper, travel cost and time saving, direct access to many other training resources. Disadvantages - bandwidth, browsers limitations may restrict instructional methodologies, must provide web server access, locak of face to face interaction turn around to queries and questions may be slower etc. |
| OSH | Occupational Safety and Health -The act of protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment |
| OSI model | Open system interconnection - The OSI model is and abstract description for layered communications and computer network protocol design. |
| Outsourcing | Subcontracting a process such as product design or manufactuing to a third party company |
| p2p | Protocal that allows sharing of files over the internet by direct contact between two or more clients. |
| PAN | Personal Area Network |
| Paperless office | Refers to an office of the future. One key aspect of this is the trafermation of paper based documets to digital based documents. Hardware/ software that can be used for paper to digital conversions: High speed scanners - scaning very large volumes of paper Fax to PDF Book copiers - used for taking photos of large books and manuscripts |
| Patch | A patch is a band-aid produced by a software vendor to heal a bug or vulnerability in it's software |
| Patents | A set of exclusive rights given to an inventor for a limited period of time in exchange for public desclosure of an invention. |
| Patents | |
| Payload | Material transmitted over a network. |
| Personal Firewall | is a firewall desighed for an individual pc - it's purpose is to prevent unotherizesed access as well as preventing and blocking ports aswell as worms. |
| PERT/CPA charts | |
| PGP | Pretty Good Privacy |
| Pharming | A hackers attempt to redirect a websites traffic to another, website. This is also know as DNS posioning |
| Pharming | A hackers attack aming to redirect traffic from one website to a bogus website |
| Piracy Act | |
| Plagiarism | The use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and representation of them as one's own original work. |
| Point to point | |
| Privacy Act | |
| Privacy Act | |
| private key | A method of encryption where the private key can only decrypt what the public key has encrypted. |
| Private Key | |
| Procedural | The most important part of the program is what it does |
| Program Counter | A process register that indicates where the computer is in its instruction sequence. |
| Protocol | is a set of runes and procedures descibing how to transmit data across a network A protocol is a set of rules and procedures describing how to reansmit data across a network |
| Proxy Server | a computer systme or aplication that acts as the go between for requests from clients seeking resouces from other servers |
| Public Key | |
| public keys | A method of encryption where the private key can only decrypt what the public key has encrypted. |
| Purpose | The intention of a business plan |
| Purpose of an operating system | An operating system is a the framework that allows you to communicate with computer hardware in an interactive way. An operating system allows users to run a huge amount of tasks, traditionally the hardware would have had to be change or new hardware to be used to preform a different function. An operating system elinates this as it allows lots of different applications to run on it. |
| Quarentine | Move and infected file to an area where it cannot cause more harm |
| Queries | |
| Raid | Redundent Array Of indipentent discs - providing redundancy, can either allow faster access to hard drives (raid 0) or mirror disks (raid 1) to allow redundancy and less chance of loosing data, as if one disc is correnupted the is a backup of the disc's contents |
| Raster images | such as photoshop edited pixal by pixal - the quality of the image is not as good as it's vector counterpart |
| RDBMS | relational database management system |
| Real Time processing | Software that has a deadline , the system has operational deadlines |
| Registered Designs | |
| registers | is a small amount of storage available on the CPU whose contents can be accessed more quickly than storage available else where. |
| relation | the connection between two databases |
| Relational Database | Is a database that groups data using comon attributes found in the data set thus the resulting clumps of data are much easier for people to understand |
| Relational DB | A releational database stores data into multiple tables which can be linked together to represent complex relationships |
| Repeater | A network device used to regenerate or replicate a signal. Repeaters can reconstruct a signal to near its original quality. |
| RFID | Radio Frequency Identification, a microchip incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identificationand tracking using radio waves |
| RFID | Radio frequency Identification |
| Ring | |
| Router | A networking device which sole purpose is to route and direct network traffect to its correct destination |
| Router | A router uses IP addresses to filter and forward data packets between networks such as LAN's and WANs A router directs traffic on a network by finding the quickest router for the data to reach it's destination. |
| Router | A device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to atleasty two networks. A router is connected to at least two network, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP's network. Routers are located at gateways the places where two or more networks connect. Routers use headers and forwarding tables to determine the best path for forwarding the packets and use protocols such as ICMP to comunicate with each other and configure the best route between any two hosts. |
| Router | Connects two or more networks together, located at the gateways, uses headers and formwarding tables to determine the best path for forwarding packets and best route for connecting two hosts. |
| Script Kiddy | A person who uses scripts developed by others to attack computer systems and networks. Script kiddies are juveniles who lack the ability to write sophisticated hacking programs or exploits their own and objectives are to impress their friends or gain credit in under ground hacker communities |
| SDLC | System Development Life Cycle Planning Analsys Design Implementation Maintanance -- Prototyping |
| Semantics Error | A bug, the program can still compile - however the desired output is wrong |
| Serber level agreement | Post of a service contract where the level of service is formally defined |
| SMTP | Simple mail transfer protocal - this protocol is dedicated for sending email messages originated on a local host , oever a TRCP connection, to a remote server. |
| Snapshot | Mirroring a disc |
| SNMP | Simple network management protocol that defines messages related to network management. Through the use of SNMP network devices such as routers can be configured by any host on the LAN. |
| Societal | Relating to human society and its members |
| Spoofing | A method which a person or program successfully disguise's as another or another program |
| Star | |
| Switch | A computer network device that connects network segments |
| Switch | A switch forwards data packets between LAN segments A switch acts as a junction for devices to bet attached to a network A switch amplifies data signals and transmits it to the intended device. |
| Switch | Connects LAN segments, filters and forwards packets between LAN segments |
| Switch | a network device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments. |
| SWOT analysis | Strenth, Weaknesses Opportunities and Threats |
| Syntax Error | Not using the correct keywords in the right order, not calling functions correctly |
| System Clock | A time of dat clock in a computer system An electronic device in a comptuer that issues a steady high frequency signal that synchronizes all the internal components |
| System Clock | Controls the timing of all computer operations, the faster the clock the more instruciton the CPU can execute per second, therefore inceasing the speed at which a computer operates. |
| TCP | Transport Control Protocol |
| TCP/IP | Transport Control Protocol/ Internet Protocal |
| TCP/IP | Internet Protocol Suite |
| TCP/IP | Transmission control protocol - backbone of the internet enable computer to communicate over a network. Provices end to end connectivity specifying how data should be formatted, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination |
| TCP/IP model | Transport Control Protocol |
| Telnet | Telnet is a terminal emulation protocol, defined in RFC854, for use over a TCP connection. It enables users to login to remote hosts and use their resources from the local host. |
| Top down | A top down approach is essentially breaking down a system to gain insight into its compositional sub-systems. IN a top down approach an overview o the system is first formulated specifying but not detailing any first level subsystems. Each subsustem is then refined in yet grater detaim sometimes in many additional subsystem levels. Until the entire specification is reduced to base elements. A top down model is often specified with the assistance of "black boxes" these make it easier to manipluate however black boxeds may fail to eleucidate elemetarty mechanisms or be detailed enough to realistically validate the model. |
| Tranceiver | Short for transmitter-receiver a device that both transmits and receives analog or digital signals |
| Trojan | A computer program that is executed slighly, without user knowledge and opens a back door for a hacker to control the machine |
| tuple | A sequence |
| Twisted Pair | A method of wiring, where two wires are twisted together so that they eliminate the chances of EMI. |
| UDP | User datagram Protocol |
| UDP | User datagram Protocol - Applications can send messages to other hosts with out requiring prior communications. |
| UDP | User datagram protocol - A simple protocol that transfers datagram (packets of data) to a remote computer. UDP doesn't guarantee taht packets will be recieved in the smae order they were sent. In dact it doesn't guarantee delievery at all. |
| Ultiliy program | A prgram that helps tune a computers hardware, operating system or application software by performing a task or a range of tasks |
| Utility Programs | Help manage and tune a computer |
| UTP | Unshielded Twisted Pair - cabling used to connect computers i.e. cat 5 cable. |
| Values | beliefs of a person or sotical group |
| Values | Respect, think highly of |
| Vector Images | relved around editing lines and shapes, the image qualitiy is limited to the rendering. |
| Vice versa | The same but with the two things or people mentioned reversed. |
| Virtualisation | Allowing a operating system to run inside another operating system, also allows other operating system to run allong side other os's. |
| Virus | A computer program that has been intentionaly programed to cause damage to computer systems, aswell as duplicating it's self to other systems |
| Virus Hoax | A piece of code the is lead to believe it is a virus but infact doesn't do anything this can be created to a hackers advatage as they can release a virus with the same name as the haox and cause even more damage |
| Virus signature | an algotithin or hash the uniquely identifies a specific virus |
| WAN | Wide Area Network |
| WAP | Wireless Application Protocol |
| Wireless 802.11x | The wireless protocol defined by IEEE |
| Wireless modem | A wireless modem converts digital signals to analog signals for transmission allong the public telephone network |
| Wirelss Access Point | A device which alows wireless communication devices to connect to a wired network |
| Worm | A self replicating computer program that uses the network to sent itself to other nodes (computers on the network) |
| CISC & Risc |
|
| Serial | Computers with CISCO or RISC processor that executes intructions one at a time that is, serialy which is called serial processing |
| Parallel | A computer with more than one processor can execute more then one instruction ar a time is called parallel procession. |
| Pipelining | In older microcomputers the CPU had to completely finish processing one instruction before starting another, that is each instruction had to go through all four stages of the machine cycle bdefore the CPU could start processing the next instruction. Newer computers use CPU's built to hand pipeing which allows the CPU to start processing the new instuctions. Newer computers use CPUs built to handle pipeing which allows the CPU to start a new instructions soon as the previous instruction reaches the next stage of the machine cycle eg once an instruction moves from fetch to decade in the machine cycle the cpu can fetch the next isntruction this meas=ns the processing is sped up. by the time the CPU finishes processing the first insttruction the second and third and forth instuctions have entered the processing pipeline and are various stages of completion. |
| PROM | Programmable Read Only Memory - The desired data and instruction must first be programmed into the memory chip then PROM behaves like ROM. A Common use of PROM chips is for storing the instructions to popular video games eg Gameboy. Game instructions are programmed onto the PROM chops by the game manaufacturer. Instructions and data can be programmed onto a PROM chip only once. Erasable programmable read only memory ^ |
| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode - is an electronic digital data transmission technology. |
| WAP | Wireless Application Protocol - is an open international standad for application layer network communications in a wireless communication enviremoent. Most use of WAP involces accessing the mobile web from a mobile phone or from a PDA |
| HAN | Home Area Network |
| Batch Processing | |
| Real Time processing | |
| PGP | Pretty Good Privacy - is a computer program that provides cryptography privacy and authentication/ PGP is often used for signing , encrypting and decrypting e-mails to increase the security of e-mail communications. ENCRYPTION to help enforce privacy, as attacters cannot read whats being sent (plain text has be transformed into a unreadable bunch of gibberish) |
| Benchmarking | Benchmarking is a way of comparing computer systems, using software that runs and attempts to push the computer to it's maxium performance the program then outputs a score that can be compared to other computer systems - this allows users to make easy comparisions of different computer systems. |
| GPS | Global Positioningh system - is a space based method of tracking, positioning, navigation and timing services to world wide users on a continuous basis in all weather, day and night, anywhere on or near the earth |
| WIMP | Windows, icons, menu, pointer |
| MIS | Managemnet Information System |
| Bitrates in multimedia | in digital multimedia, bitrate represents the amount of information, or detail, that is stored per unit of time of a recording. |
| Database Anomalies | Database anomalies are probelms in relations taht occur due to redundacy in the realtions. These anomalies affect the process of inserting, deteting and modifying data in the relations. Some inportant data may be lost if a relation is updated that contains database anomalies. It is important to remove these anomalies in order to perform different processing in the relation without any problems. Types of anomalies. Different types od database anomalies are as follows: insert anomaly. The insert anomaly occurs when a new recod is inserted in the relation. IN this anomaly, the user cannot insert a fact about an entity until he has additional facts about another entity. Deletion anomaly. The deletion anomaly occurs when a record is deteted from the relation. In this anomlyu, the deletion of facts about an entity automatically delete the of another entity. Modiication anaomaly. The modification anomaly occurs when the record is kupdated in the realtion. in this anomaly, the modification in the value or specific attribute requires modification in all records in which the values occures. |
| Inlusivity | including (almost) everything within its scope |
Computer Science: Study Notes [Image Formats] – yr 12
Here are some study notes, not sure where I got the info (might have changed it around a bit) - if you find the site I got it from please send me the link so that I can reference it.
| Extentions | Definition |
| PNG | Portable Network Graphics - file format create as the free open-source successor to GIF. The PNG format supports truecolor (16million colours) while gif supports only 256 colors. The PNG format excels when the image has large, unifomly coloured areas. The lossless PNG format is best suited for editing pictures and the lossy formats like JPG are best for the final distribution of photographic images because JPG files are smaller than PNG files. Many older browsers do not support PNG - command uses of the PNG format is the 8bit transucency (transparency) |
| GIF | GIF, Graphics interchange format is limited to an 8 bit palett or 256 colours this makes the gif file format suitable for storing relativly few colours such as simple diagrams, shaps, logos, and cartoon style images. The GIF format supports animation and is still widly used. |
| JPEG/JFIF | Joint Photographic Experts Group - lossy compression 8 bit per colour (red, green, blue) for a 24 bit total, that produces relatively small files. (Dos=JPG) |
| Exif | Exchangeable image file format - format is a file standard similar to KFIF format with TIFF extensions - It's purpose is to standardize the exchange of images with image metadata between cameras and editing and viewing software. |
| TIFF | Tagged Image File Format - format is a flexible format taht normally saves 8 bits or 16 bits per color (red, green, blue) for 24 bits and 48 bits total. Tiff's are lossy and lossless. |
| RAW | Refers to a family of raw image formats taht are options available in some digital comeras. These formats ussually use a lossless or nearly lossless compression and produce file sizes much small than TIFF formats of full-size process images from the same cameras. Although there is a standard raw image format, the raw formats used by most camera's are not standardized or documented and differ among camera manufatures. |
| APNG | Animated Portable Network Graphics - See PNG |
| BMP | Windows bitmap - handles graphics file within the microsoft windows OS. Typically, BMP fiels are uncompressed hence they are large the advantage is their simpliciy and wide acceptance in windows programs. |
| Vector Formats |
As opposed to raster image formats - vector image formats contain a geometric description which can be rendered smoothly at any desired display size. |
| Raster Image |
Where the data describes the characteristrics of each individual pixel |
Computer Science Task 5 – Programming
*This is to assist you, under no circumstance should you copy this or submit it as your own work.
By far one of my favourite tasks, it involved programming!!! Even though it was visual basic's.....
Bellow is my finished product for this task, I will not be releasing the source code - however I might allow you to download the exe 
Images:
http://myartfullife.files.wordpress.com/2007/05/cappuccino-4.jpg
http://www.poster.net/fabiano-marco/fabiano-marco-espresso-2104318.jpg
http://www.anntorrence.com/blog/at-images/latte.jpg
http://delicatessedumonde.com/images/recipies/177.jpg
This is my design outline, as you can see its completly different from the finished product
My flow chart...
Pseudo Code, the code I used was a lot more effiecent in the program as I used subs... Sorry the codes not formatted the tabs went away when I copied and pasted (can't be bothered fixing 
)
Begin
define cuppuccino_cost = 3.00
define espresso_cost = 2.25
define latte_cost = 2.50
define iced_cost = 2.50
If button cappuccino pressed
total_cost = total_cost + cost_of_cuppuccio
cappuccino_amount = cappuccino_amount + 1
main_text_box = main_text_box & cappuccino_amount & "Cuppuccio $" & cappuccino_amount * cuppuccino_cost & newline
end sub
If button cappuccino pressed
total_cost = total_cost + cost_of_cuppuccio
cappuccino_amount = cappuccino_amount + 1
main_text_box = main_text_box & cappuccino_amount & "Cuppuccio $" & cappuccino_amount * cuppuccino_cost & newline
end sub
If button Espresso pressed
total_cost = total_cost + cost_of_Espresso
Espresso_amount = Espresso_amount + 1
main_text_box = main_text_box & espresso_amount & "Espresso $" & Espresso_amount * Espresso_cost & newline
end sub
If button Latte pressed
total_cost = total_cost + cost_of_Latte
Latte_amount = Latte_amount + 1
main_text_box = main_text_box & Latte_amount & "Latte $" & Espresso_amount * Latte_cost & newline
end sub
If button Iced pressed
total_cost = total_cost + cost_of_Iced
Iced_amount = Iced_amount + 1
main_text_box = main_text_box & Iced_amount & "Latte $" & Iced_amount * Iced_cost & newline
end sub
if button take_away pressed
total = total + total * 0.05
= main_text_box
end sub
You can download the exe here: cafe
*This is to assist you, under no circumstance should you copy this or submit it as your own work.
*This essay was for Year 12 English 2A/2B
Crikey! , by Matthew V* prefer to remain anonymous.
Famous worldwide, Stephen Robert Irwin, know to many as Steve Irwin, or simply “The Crocodile Hunter”. He was born on the 22nd of February 1962 at Essendon, Victoria, Australia to Lyn and Bob Irwin and died after being fatally pierced in the chest by a sting ray, on the 4th of September 2006; he was 44 when he died. Irwin accomplished would wide fame from the television program “The Crocodile Hunter” an internationally broadcast wildlife documentary series, co-hosted with his wife Terri Irwin. Steve and Terri also co-owned and operated the Australian Zoo originally founded by Steve’s parents; the Zoo is located in Beerwah, Queensland. Irwin to most was portrayed as a typical Australian, from his extremely strong Australian accent to his love of wildlife, as well as his short khaki shorts and catchphrase “Crikey!”. He is so well known that the way people stereotype Australians, are by imagining “The Crocodile Hunter”.
Irwin, his mother and father all shared a love for wildlife; his father was a wildlife expert and his mother a wildlife rehabilitator. Irwin moved to Queensland in 1970, where his parents opened the Beerwah reptile and Fauna Park, where Irwin grew up around crocodiles and other reptiles – he also spent his time helping his parents run the park. Irwin grew up loving all wildlife, in particular reptiles – his parent’s reptile park would have had a huge influence on this. Irwin caught his first venomous snake at the age of six; he was also very aware of animals that may be in danger, as he would often arrive late to school after convincing his mother to pull over, so that he could rescue a lizard that was crawling on the road. At the age of nine Irwin wrestled his first crocodile, with the supervision of his father. At this time he started helping his father with small troublesome crocodiles hanging around boat ramps. He did this by jumping on them in the water and wrestling them back into the boat. Irwin always had a six sense when it came to wildlife and he spent his life perfecting his talent. When Irwin graduated from Caloundra State High School in 1979 he moved to Northern Queensland, where he became a crocodile trapper, removing crocodiles from overpopulated areas where they we consider a threat. He did this free of charge, provided that he was allowed to keep them for the reptile park. Irwin soon started spending months living in remote areas far North Queensland catching crocodiles before they ended up shot by poaches. He worked with his dog Sui, developing his crocodile capturing methods that are now utilized by crocodile trappers around the world.
Irwin was one of those people that never really benefited too much from education, that is to say most of his experience, knowledge and techniques came from his enthusiastic participation, as well as a “six sense” when it comes to wildlife. However this doesn’t make Irwin think any different about education, bellow is a quote take from The Crocodile Hunter series:
“I've probably saved thousands of people's lives with my educational message on snake bites, how to get in around venomous anything. Yeah, I'm a thrill seeker, but crikey, education's the most important thing.” – Steve Irwin
This quote indicates that Irwin is pro-education, even though most of what he learnt was through practical participation. Irwin was educated at the Caloundra State High School in 1979 and he then furthered his education by studying part time at Darling Downs Institute of Animal Education and majored in herpetology as well as a Bachelor of Science degree.
Irwin was gifted with a huge number of traits that have allowed him to persevere further in his field of expertise. Motivated by his enthusiasm of wildlife, Irwin continued to support animals in need – he was infatuated by the beauty of animals and wanted to get his word around, to everyone in the world that the perseverance of wildlife is extremely important. This fact is one of the many reasons why Irwin is regarded as a strong Australian iconic figure. Irwin and his wife Terri, creators of The Crocodile Hunter series, made a choice and this choice was to always put the animals first, thus most of the money they made from the Crocodile Hunter series was put into Irwin’s wildlife park. This sends out a message to people that Irwin is prepared to do everything and anything for wildlife, even if it is giving up the most highly regarded thing amongst the majority humans, money. Thus people, who have an obsessive or greed towards money, regard Irwin as an iconic figure as he is able to spend money not on himself, but for the sole purpose of the preservation of wildlife. Not only does Irwin care for wildlife, but he would do anything and everything to find ways to improve animal’s habitat, as well as caring for them if they are in need. He also uses his television show to help people take better care of animals as well as educate them. This makes Irwin appeal to animal lovers and people in general and has helped make him an exceptional iconic figure.
Irwin has always been a crocodile trapper from the young age of nine when he first trapped a crocodile and since then he has developed his skills, dramatically. Irwin has accomplished some extremely amazing achievements, from managing his parent’s wildlife park to accomplishing worldwide fame from his and his wives TV show The Crocodile Hunter – this made Irwin an instant Australian icon, as many looked up to him and admired his work towards the preservation of wildlife, that he has dedicated his life to accomplishing. However before The Crocodile Hunter series, Irwin took over the managing the family wildlife park in 1991, at this location that he met Terri Rains, a visiting tourist from the United States. Irwin and Rains married on the 4th of June 1992, at the Methodist church where Terri’s grandmother used to attend. The honeymoon was spent filming the first scenes of the hit TV show The Crocodile Hunter, which was later broadcast in over 137 countries and reaching 500 million views. This in turn, made Irwin famous and an instant Australia/Worldwide icon as people watched what they deduced as a crazy Australian jumping on crocodiles, catching snakes and especially educating viewers about wildlife. People realized that despite the larrikinism and over the-top-top style, he was presenting a serious message to his many viewers.
Irwin’s spectacular rise to fame through his TV show The Crocodile Hunter presented him with worldwide fame. Irwin is truly a remarkable person who embraces wildlife as if it was part of his own family. His dedication to helping each and every creature, as well as educating viewers about wildlife, thus portraying the beauty of creatures – is one of the many reasons why Irwin is regarded as an Australian icon. Irwin also is known to do everything for the benefit of the animals, the animals always come first. He was very passionate about what he did and would have risked everything for the animals. His enthusiasm, courage and ability to keep on going, made him an Australian/Worldwide iconic figure that everyone knew and looked up to, for what he stood for.
Irwin has impacted society significantly and even though he has died, people still remember the enthusiastic, energetic Crocodile hunter, who did the craziest things that most people would refrain from doing. He has given a new aspect to wildlife; he’s shown the beauty that animals have. Irwin enjoys sharing his knowledge of the wild with children, adults and families – giving them a better understanding of wildlife and how to take care of it. This legacy now lives on in the form of his children, Bindi and Bob as they seek to continue the inspirational work of their father.